20.04.2020

Dev C++ Functions

  1. Dev C++ Functions
  2. Dev C++ Functions List
  3. Dev C++ String Functions
  4. Dev-c++ Math Functions
  5. Dev C++ Using Functions

A function is a block of code which only runs when it is called.

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  4. C: Functions We've talked a little bit about functions in the past - they're pieces of code that can be executed on command. In fact we've been using functions right since the very start of this process, we just haven't really talked about them in depth - this is what this tutorial is all about.

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You can pass data, known as parameters, into a function.

Functions are used to perform certain actions, and they are important for reusing code: Define the code once, and use it many times.

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Dev C++ Functions

Create a Function

C++ provides some pre-defined functions, such as main(), which is used to execute code. But you can also create your own functions to perform certain actions.

To create (often referred to as declare) a function, specify the name of the function, followed by parentheses ():

Syntax

Example Explained

  • myFunction() is the name of the function
  • void means that the function does not have a return value. You will learn more about return values later in the next chapter
  • inside the function (the body), add code that defines what the function should do

Call a Function

Declared functions are not executed immediately. They are 'saved for later use', and will be executed later, when they are called.

To call a function, write the function's name followed by two parentheses () and a semicolon ;

In the following example, myFunction() is used to print a text (the action), when it is called:

Example

Inside main, call myFunction():

// Create a function
void myFunction() {
cout << 'I just got executed!';
}
int main() {
myFunction(); // call the function
return 0;
}
// Outputs 'I just got executed!'
Run example »

A function can be called multiple times:

Example

void myFunction() {
cout << 'I just got executed!n';
}
int main() {
myFunction();
myFunction();
myFunction();
return 0;
}
// I just got executed!
// I just got executed!
// I just got executed!
Run example »

Dev C++ Functions List

Function Declaration and Definition

A C++ function consist of two parts:

  • Declaration: the function's name, return type, and parameters (if any)
  • Definition: the body of the function (code to be executed)
void myFunction() { // declaration
// the body of the function (definition)
}

Note: If a user-defined function, such as myFunction() is declared after the main() function, an error will occur. It is because C++ works from top to bottom; which means that if the function is not declared above main(), the program is unaware of it:

Example

int main() {
myFunction();
return 0;
}
void myFunction() {
cout << 'I just got executed!';
}
// Error

Dev C++ String Functions

Run example »

However, it is possible to separate the declaration and the definition of the function - for code optimization.

You will often see C++ programs that have function declaration above main(), and function definition below main(). This will make the code better organized and easier to read:

Dev-c++ Math Functions

Example

// Function declaration
void myFunction();
// The main method
int main() {
myFunction(); // call the function
return 0;
}
// Function definition
void myFunction() {
cout << 'I just got executed!';
}
Run example »

Dev C++ Using Functions